Arthur C. Clarke Predicts the Rise of Synthetic Intelligence & Questions What Will Occur to Humanity (1978)

We now dwell within the midst of an arti­fi­cial-intel­li­gence growth, but it surely’s exhausting­ly the primary of its sort. Actually, the sector has been sub­ject to a boom-and-bust cycle since not less than the ear­ly 9­teen-fifties. Even­tu­al­ly, these busts — which occurred when actual­iz­in a position AI tech­nol­o­gy didn’t dwell as much as the hype of the growth — turned so lengthy and so thor­ough­go­ing that every was declared an “AI win­ter” of scant analysis fund­ing and pub­lic inter­est. But even deep into one such fal­low sea­son, AI might nonetheless encourage sufficient fas­ci­na­tion to grow to be the sub­ject of the 1978 NOVA doc­u­males­tary “Thoughts Machines.”

The professional­gram consists of inter­views with fig­ures now rec­og­nized as lumi­nar­ies within the his­to­ry of AI: John McCarthy, Mar­vin Min­sky, Ter­ry Wino­grad, ELIZA cre­ator Joseph Weizen­baum. It additionally brings on no much less a tech­no­log­i­cal prophet than Arthur C. Clarke, who notes that the dubi­ous atti­tudes towards the prospect of suppose­ing machines expressed within the late sev­en­ties had a lot in com­mon with these in regards to the prospect of area trav­el dur­ing his youth within the thir­ties. In his view, we have been already “cre­at­ing our suc­ces­sors. We’ve got seen the primary, crude start­nings of arti­fi­cial intel­li­gence,” and we might “at some point be capable of design sys­tems that may go on improv­ing them­selves.”

If com­put­ers have been there­by to realize greater-than-human intel­li­gence, it will, after all, “com­plete­ly restruc­ture soci­ety” — not that the soci­ety he already knew would­n’t “col­lapse instantaneous­ly” if its personal rel­a­tive­ly sim­ple com­put­ers have been tak­en away. Clarke not solely asks the ques­tion now on many minds of what “the peo­ple who’re solely capa­ble of low-grade com­put­er-type work” will do when out­stripped by AI, however extra deeply underneath­ly­ing ones as nicely: “What’s the pur­pose of life? What will we need to dwell for? That could be a ques­tion which the intel­li­gent com­put­er will power us to pay atten­tion to.”

Few view­ers in 1978 would have spent a lot time pon­der­ing such mat­ters earlier than. However pre­despatched­ed with footage of all this now-prim­i­tive professional­to-AI tech­nol­o­gy — the com­put­er chess tour­na­ment, the sim­u­lat­ed ther­a­pist, the med­ical-diag­no­sis assis­tant, the NASA Mars rover to be launched within the far-flung way forward for 1986 — they need to not less than have felt capable of enter­tain the concept that they might dwell to see an age of machines that would not simply suppose however, because the nar­ra­tor places it, pos­sess “essentially the most cru­cial facet of com­mon-sense intel­li­gence: the abil­i­ty to be taught.” Per­haps anoth­er AI win­ter will fore­stall that age but once more — if it’s not already right here.

Relat­ed con­tent:

Sci-Fi Author Arthur C. Clarke Pre­dicts the Future in 1964: Arti­fi­cial Intel­li­gence, Instan­ta­neous Glob­al Com­mu­ni­ca­tion, Distant Work, Sin­gu­lar­i­ty & Extra

Earlier than Chat­G­PT, There Was ELIZA: Watch the Sixties Chat­bot in Motion

Hunter S. Thomp­son Chill­ing­ly Pre­dicts the Future, Telling Studs Terkel In regards to the Com­ing Revenge of the Eco­nom­i­cal­ly & Tech­no­log­i­cal­ly “Obso­lete” (1967)

Primarily based in Seoul, Col­in Marshall writes and broad­casts on cities, lan­guage, and cul­ture. His tasks embody the Sub­stack newslet­ter Books on Cities and the ebook The State­much less Metropolis: a Stroll via Twenty first-Cen­tu­ry Los Ange­les. Fol­low him on the social web­work for­mer­ly referred to as Twit­ter at @colinmarshall.